UPDATE - Issue 40 - Spring 2010
First inherited prostate cancer genetic mutation in African-American men identified
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, have discovered a genetic mutation in African-American men with a family history of prostate cancer.
Dr Shahriar Koochekpour identified an inheritable genetic defect in the androgen receptor for the male hormone, testosterone, that may contribute to the development of prostate cancer and its progression. This is the first study that focuses on the androgen receptors of black men.
The genetic change was discovered by testing DNA extracted from white blood cells of African-American and white men from Louisiana who had a proven medical history of prostate cancer in their families. 'We detected this mutation only in African-American men with prostate cancer,' notes Dr Koochekpour. 'We found it in the cell's androgen receptor (AR), a protein which interacts and responds to male sex hormones. This protein is profoundly involved in prostate cancer formation and its progression to an advanced metastatic, incurable stage. We believe that this mutation increases the risk of the development and progression of prostate cancer, in part by altering the receptor's DNA-binding ability, and by regulating the activities of other genes and proteins involved in the growth and aggressive behaviour of tumours.'
Men of Afro-Caribbean descent have a higher incidence and death rate from prostate cancer, as well as clinically more aggressive disease than white men. 'We are hopeful that this discovery will eventually lead to a simple genetic test for prostate cancer for African-American men who are at high risk for developing prostate cancer, allowing genetic counselling and earlier, potentially life-saving treatment' said Dr Koochekpour.